fseqboot

 

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Function

Bootstrapped sequences algorithm

Description

Reads in a data set, and produces multiple data sets from it by bootstrap resampling. Since most programs in the current version of the package allow processing of multiple data sets, this can be used together with the consensus tree program CONSENSE to do bootstrap (or delete-half-jackknife) analyses with most of the methods in this package. This program also allows the Archie/Faith technique of permutation of species within characters. It can also rewrite a data set to convert it from between the PHYLIP Interleaved and Sequential forms, and into a preliminary version of a new XML sequence alignment format which is under development

Algorithm

SEQBOOT is a general bootstrapping and data set translation tool. It is intended to allow you to generate multiple data sets that are resampled versions of the input data set. Since almost all programs in the package can analyze these multiple data sets, this allows almost anything in this package to be bootstrapped, jackknifed, or permuted. SEQBOOT can handle molecular sequences, binary characters, restriction sites, or gene frequencies. It can also convert data sets between Sequential and Interleaved format, and into the NEXUS format or into a new XML sequence alignment format.

To carry out a bootstrap (or jackknife, or permutation test) with some method in the package, you may need to use three programs. First, you need to run SEQBOOT to take the original data set and produce a large number of bootstrapped or jackknifed data sets (somewhere between 100 and 1000 is usually adequate). Then you need to find the phylogeny estimate for each of these, using the particular method of interest. For example, if you were using DNAPARS you would first run SEQBOOT and make a file with 100 bootstrapped data sets. Then you would give this file the proper name to have it be the input file for DNAPARS. Running DNAPARS with the M (Multiple Data Sets) menu choice and informing it to expect 100 data sets, you would generate a big output file as well as a treefile with the trees from the 100 data sets. This treefile could be renamed so that it would serve as the input for CONSENSE. When CONSENSE is run the majority rule consensus tree will result, showing the outcome of the analysis.

This may sound tedious, but the run of CONSENSE is fast, and that of SEQBOOT is fairly fast, so that it will not actually take any longer than a run of a single bootstrap program with the same original data and the same number of replicates. This is not very hard and allows bootstrapping or jackknifing on many of the methods in this package. The same steps are necessary with all of them. Doing things this way some of the intermediate files (the tree file from the DNAPARS run, for example) can be used to summarize the results of the bootstrap in other ways than the majority rule consensus method does.

If you are using the Distance Matrix programs, you will have to add one extra step to this, calculating distance matrices from each of the replicate data sets, using DNADIST or GENDIST. So (for example) you would run SEQBOOT, then run DNADIST using the output of SEQBOOT as its input, then run (say) NEIGHBOR using the output of DNADIST as its input, and then run CONSENSE using the tree file from NEIGHBOR as its input.

The resampling methods available are:

Usage

Here is a sample session with fseqboot


% fseqboot -seed 3 
Bootstrapped sequences algorithm
Input (aligned) sequence set: seqboot.dat
Phylip seqboot_seq program output file [seqboot.fseqboot]: 


 bootstrap: true
jackknife: false
 permute: false
 lockhart: false
 ild: false
 justwts: false 

completed replicate number   10
completed replicate number   20
completed replicate number   30
completed replicate number   40
completed replicate number   50
completed replicate number   60
completed replicate number   70
completed replicate number   80
completed replicate number   90
completed replicate number  100

Output written to file "seqboot.fseqboot"

Done.


Go to the input files for this example
Go to the output files for this example

Command line arguments

Bootstrapped sequences algorithm
Version: EMBOSS:6.2.0

   Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers:
  [-sequence]          seqset     (Aligned) sequence set filename and optional
                                  format, or reference (input USA)
  [-outfile]           outfile    [*.fseqboot] Phylip seqboot_seq program
                                  output file

   Additional (Optional) qualifiers (* if not always prompted):
   -categories         properties File of input categories
   -weights            properties Weights file
   -test               menu       [b] Choose test (Values: b (Bootstrap); j
                                  (Jackknife); c (Permute species for each
                                  character); o (Permute character order); s
                                  (Permute within species); r (Rewrite data))
*  -regular            toggle     [N] Altered sampling fraction
*  -fracsample         float      [100.0] Samples as percentage of sites
                                  (Number from 0.100 to 100.000)
*  -rewriteformat      menu       [p] Output format (Values: p (PHYLIP); n
                                  (NEXUS); x (XML))
*  -seqtype            menu       [d] Output format (Values: d (dna); p
                                  (protein); r (rna))
*  -blocksize          integer    [1] Block size for bootstraping (Integer 1
                                  or more)
*  -reps               integer    [100] How many replicates (Integer 1 or
                                  more)
*  -justweights        menu       [d] Write out datasets or just weights
                                  (Values: d (Datasets); w (Weights))
*  -seed               integer    [1] Random number seed between 1 and 32767
                                  (must be odd) (Integer from 1 to 32767)
   -printdata          boolean    [N] Print out the data at start of run
*  -[no]dotdiff        boolean    [Y] Use dot-differencing
   -[no]progress       boolean    [Y] Print indications of progress of run

   Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers: (none)
   Associated qualifiers:

   "-sequence" associated qualifiers
   -sbegin1            integer    Start of each sequence to be used
   -send1              integer    End of each sequence to be used
   -sreverse1          boolean    Reverse (if DNA)
   -sask1              boolean    Ask for begin/end/reverse
   -snucleotide1       boolean    Sequence is nucleotide
   -sprotein1          boolean    Sequence is protein
   -slower1            boolean    Make lower case
   -supper1            boolean    Make upper case
   -sformat1           string     Input sequence format
   -sdbname1           string     Database name
   -sid1               string     Entryname
   -ufo1               string     UFO features
   -fformat1           string     Features format
   -fopenfile1         string     Features file name

   "-outfile" associated qualifiers
   -odirectory2        string     Output directory

   General qualifiers:
   -auto               boolean    Turn off prompts
   -stdout             boolean    Write first file to standard output
   -filter             boolean    Read first file from standard input, write
                                  first file to standard output
   -options            boolean    Prompt for standard and additional values
   -debug              boolean    Write debug output to program.dbg
   -verbose            boolean    Report some/full command line options
   -help               boolean    Report command line options and exit. More
                                  information on associated and general
                                  qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose
   -warning            boolean    Report warnings
   -error              boolean    Report errors
   -fatal              boolean    Report fatal errors
   -die                boolean    Report dying program messages
   -version            boolean    Report version number and exit

Qualifier Type Description Allowed values Default
Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers
[-sequence]
(Parameter 1)
seqset (Aligned) sequence set filename and optional format, or reference (input USA) Readable set of sequences Required
[-outfile]
(Parameter 2)
outfile Phylip seqboot_seq program output file Output file <*>.fseqboot
Additional (Optional) qualifiers
-categories properties File of input categories Property value(s)  
-weights properties Weights file Property value(s)  
-test list Choose test
b (Bootstrap)
j (Jackknife)
c (Permute species for each character)
o (Permute character order)
s (Permute within species)
r (Rewrite data)
b
-regular toggle Altered sampling fraction Toggle value Yes/No No
-fracsample float Samples as percentage of sites Number from 0.100 to 100.000 100.0
-rewriteformat list Output format
p (PHYLIP)
n (NEXUS)
x (XML)
p
-seqtype list Output format
d (dna)
p (protein)
r (rna)
d
-blocksize integer Block size for bootstraping Integer 1 or more 1
-reps integer How many replicates Integer 1 or more 100
-justweights list Write out datasets or just weights
d (Datasets)
w (Weights)
d
-seed integer Random number seed between 1 and 32767 (must be odd) Integer from 1 to 32767 1
-printdata boolean Print out the data at start of run Boolean value Yes/No No
-[no]dotdiff boolean Use dot-differencing Boolean value Yes/No Yes
-[no]progress boolean Print indications of progress of run Boolean value Yes/No Yes
Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers
(none)
Associated qualifiers
"-sequence" associated seqset qualifiers
-sbegin1
-sbegin_sequence
integer Start of each sequence to be used Any integer value 0
-send1
-send_sequence
integer End of each sequence to be used Any integer value 0
-sreverse1
-sreverse_sequence
boolean Reverse (if DNA) Boolean value Yes/No N
-sask1
-sask_sequence
boolean Ask for begin/end/reverse Boolean value Yes/No N
-snucleotide1
-snucleotide_sequence
boolean Sequence is nucleotide Boolean value Yes/No N
-sprotein1
-sprotein_sequence
boolean Sequence is protein Boolean value Yes/No N
-slower1
-slower_sequence
boolean Make lower case Boolean value Yes/No N
-supper1
-supper_sequence
boolean Make upper case Boolean value Yes/No N
-sformat1
-sformat_sequence
string Input sequence format Any string  
-sdbname1
-sdbname_sequence
string Database name Any string  
-sid1
-sid_sequence
string Entryname Any string  
-ufo1
-ufo_sequence
string UFO features Any string  
-fformat1
-fformat_sequence
string Features format Any string  
-fopenfile1
-fopenfile_sequence
string Features file name Any string  
"-outfile" associated outfile qualifiers
-odirectory2
-odirectory_outfile
string Output directory Any string  
General qualifiers
-auto boolean Turn off prompts Boolean value Yes/No N
-stdout boolean Write first file to standard output Boolean value Yes/No N
-filter boolean Read first file from standard input, write first file to standard output Boolean value Yes/No N
-options boolean Prompt for standard and additional values Boolean value Yes/No N
-debug boolean Write debug output to program.dbg Boolean value Yes/No N
-verbose boolean Report some/full command line options Boolean value Yes/No Y
-help boolean Report command line options and exit. More information on associated and general qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose Boolean value Yes/No N
-warning boolean Report warnings Boolean value Yes/No Y
-error boolean Report errors Boolean value Yes/No Y
-fatal boolean Report fatal errors Boolean value Yes/No Y
-die boolean Report dying program messages Boolean value Yes/No Y
-version boolean Report version number and exit Boolean value Yes/No N

Input file format

fseqboot data files read by SEQBOOT are the standard ones for the various kinds of data. For molecular sequences the sequences may be either interleaved or sequential, and similarly for restriction sites. Restriction sites data may either have or not have the third argument, the number of restriction enzymes used. Discrete morphological characters are always assumed to be in sequential format. Gene frequencies data start with the number of species and the number of loci, and then follow that by a line with the number of alleles at each locus. The data for each locus may either have one entry for each allele, or omit one allele at each locus. The details of the formats are given in the main documentation file, and in the documentation files for the groups of programsreads any normal sequence USAs.

Input files for usage example

File: seqboot.dat

    5    6
Alpha     AACAAC
Beta      AACCCC
Gamma     ACCAAC
Delta     CCACCA
Epsilon   CCAAAC

Output file format

fseqboot output will contain the data sets generated by the resampling process. Note that, when Gene Frequencies data is used or when Discrete Morphological characters with the Factors option are used, the number of characters in each data set may vary. It may also vary if there are an odd number of characters or sites and the Delete-Half-Jackknife resampling method is used, for then there will be a 50% chance of choosing (n+1)/2 characters and a 50% chance of choosing (n-1)/2 characters.

The Factors option causes the characters to be resampled together. If (say) three adjacent characters all have the same factors characters, so that they all are understood to be recoding one multistate character, they will be resampled together as a group.

The order of species in the data sets in the output file will vary randomly. This is a precaution to help the programs that analyze these data avoid any result which is sensitive to the input order of species from showing up repeatedly and thus appearing to have evidence in its favor.

The numerical options 1 and 2 in the menu also affect the output file. If 1 is chosen (it is off by default) the program will print the original input data set on the output file before the resampled data sets. I cannot actually see why anyone would want to do this. Option 2 toggles the feature (on by default) that prints out up to 20 times during the resampling process a notification that the program has completed a certain number of data sets. Thus if 100 resampled data sets are being produced, every 5 data sets a line is printed saying which data set has just been completed. This option should be turned off if the program is running in background and silence is desirable. At the end of execution the program will always (whatever the setting of option 2) print a couple of lines saying that output has been written to the output file.

Output files for usage example

File: seqboot.fseqboot

    5     6
Alpha      AAACCA
Beta       AAACCC
Gamma      ACCCCA
Delta      CCCAAC
Epsilon    CCCAAA
    5     6
Alpha      AAACAA
Beta       AAACCC
Gamma      ACCCAA
Delta      CCCACC
Epsilon    CCCAAA
    5     6
Alpha      AAAAAC
Beta       AAACCC
Gamma      AACAAC
Delta      CCCCCA
Epsilon    CCCAAC
    5     6
Alpha      CCCCCA
Beta       CCCCCC
Gamma      CCCCCA
Delta      AAAAAC
Epsilon    AAAAAA
    5     6
Alpha      AAAACC
Beta       AAACCC
Gamma      AACACC
Delta      CCCCAA
Epsilon    CCCACC
    5     6
Alpha      AAAACC
Beta       ACCCCC
Gamma      AAAACC
Delta      CCCCAA
Epsilon    CAAACC
    5     6
Alpha      AACCAA
Beta       AACCCC
Gamma      ACCCAA
Delta      CCAACC
Epsilon    CCAAAA
    5     6
Alpha      AAAACC
Beta       ACCCCC
Gamma      AAAACC
Delta      CCCCAA
Epsilon    CAAACC
    5     6
Alpha      AACACC


  [Part of this file has been deleted for brevity]

Gamma      ACAAAA
Delta      CCCCCC
Epsilon    CCAAAA
    5     6
Alpha      AACAAC
Beta       AACCCC
Gamma      AACAAC
Delta      CCACCA
Epsilon    CCAAAC
    5     6
Alpha      AACAAA
Beta       AACCCC
Gamma      CCCAAA
Delta      CCACCC
Epsilon    CCAAAA
    5     6
Alpha      ACAAAA
Beta       ACCCCC
Gamma      CCAAAA
Delta      CACCCC
Epsilon    CAAAAA
    5     6
Alpha      CAAAAA
Beta       CCCCCC
Gamma      CAAAAA
Delta      ACCCCC
Epsilon    AAAAAA
    5     6
Alpha      CAACCC
Beta       CCCCCC
Gamma      CAACCC
Delta      ACCAAA
Epsilon    AAACCC
    5     6
Alpha      ACAACC
Beta       ACCCCC
Gamma      ACAACC
Delta      CACCAA
Epsilon    CAAACC
    5     6
Alpha      AAAAAA
Beta       AAAAAC
Gamma      ACCCCA
Delta      CCCCCC
Epsilon    CCCCCA
    5     6
Alpha      AACAAC
Beta       AACCCC
Gamma      CCCAAC
Delta      CCACCA
Epsilon    CCAAAC

Data files

None

Notes

None.

References

None.

Warnings

None.

Diagnostic Error Messages

None.

Exit status

It always exits with status 0.

Known bugs

None.

See also

Program name Description
distmat Create a distance matrix from a multiple sequence alignment
ednacomp DNA compatibility algorithm
ednadist Nucleic acid sequence Distance Matrix program
ednainvar Nucleic acid sequence Invariants method
ednaml Phylogenies from nucleic acid Maximum Likelihood
ednamlk Phylogenies from nucleic acid Maximum Likelihood with clock
ednapars DNA parsimony algorithm
ednapenny Penny algorithm for DNA
eprotdist Protein distance algorithm
eprotpars Protein parsimony algorithm
erestml Restriction site Maximum Likelihood method
eseqboot Bootstrapped sequences algorithm
fdiscboot Bootstrapped discrete sites algorithm
fdnacomp DNA compatibility algorithm
fdnadist Nucleic acid sequence Distance Matrix program
fdnainvar Nucleic acid sequence Invariants method
fdnaml Estimates nucleotide phylogeny by maximum likelihood
fdnamlk Estimates nucleotide phylogeny by maximum likelihood
fdnamove Interactive DNA parsimony
fdnapars DNA parsimony algorithm
fdnapenny Penny algorithm for DNA
fdolmove Interactive Dollo or Polymorphism Parsimony
ffreqboot Bootstrapped genetic frequencies algorithm
fproml Protein phylogeny by maximum likelihood
fpromlk Protein phylogeny by maximum likelihood
fprotdist Protein distance algorithm
fprotpars Protein parsimony algorithm
frestboot Bootstrapped restriction sites algorithm
frestdist Distance matrix from restriction sites or fragments
frestml Restriction site maximum Likelihood method
fseqbootall Bootstrapped sequences algorithm

Author(s)

This program is an EMBOSS conversion of a program written by Joe Felsenstein as part of his PHYLIP package.

Although we take every care to ensure that the results of the EMBOSS version are identical to those from the original package, we recommend that you check your inputs give the same results in both versions before publication.

Please report all bugs in the EMBOSS version to the EMBOSS bug team, not to the original author.

History

Written (2004) - Joe Felsenstein, University of Washington.

Converted (August 2004) to an EMBASSY program by the EMBOSS team.

Target users

This program is intended to be used by everyone and everything, from naive users to embedded scripts.